Volume 345 — United States Reports

United States v. Reynolds, 345 U.S. 1 (1953), is a landmark legal case decided in 1953, which saw the formal recognition of the state secrets privilege, a judicially recognized extension of presidential power. The US Supreme Court confirmed that "the privilege against revealing military secrets ... is well established in the law of evidence".

United States v. Kahriger, 345 U.S. 22 (1953), was a United States Supreme Court ruling that held certain provisions of the Revenue Act of 1951 were constitutional, in particular sections related to an occupational tax on persons involved in gambling.

Fowler v. Rhode Island, 345 U.S. 67 (1953), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a municipal ordinance which was used to penalize a minister of Jehovah's Witnesses for preaching at a peaceful religious meeting in a public park, although other religious groups could conduct religious services there with impunity, violated the First and Fourteenth Amendments.

NLRB v. Rockaway News Supply Co., 345 U.S. 71 (1953), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that a collective bargaining agreement may include a stipulation that employees are required to cross pocket lines, or the agreement may include a stipulation that employees cannot be forced to cross picket lines.

Held: nevertheless, that the union was engaging in a labor practice declared unfair by § 8(b)(6). It, therefore, set aside the Board's order of dismissal and remanded the cause. 196 F.2d 61 . For reasons stated in the American Newspaper case, 73 S.Ct. 552, we granted certiorari. 344 U.S. 814, 73 S.Ct. 43.

Held: see Hearings before House Committee on Public Works on H.R. 5472 (Title II), 81st Cong., 1st Sess. 37—85 (May 16, 1949), and a separate authorization for construction was included in the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1950, 64 Stat. 171. 6 16 Respondents further point out that at the same time hearings were held on the Hart-well project, there were also hearings on further construction in the Roanoke Basin, and the Corps…

Shaughnessy v. United States ex rel. Mezei, 345 U.S. 206 (1953), was a United States Supreme Court case that established the federal government's power to detain immigrants pending departure abroad, upheld the Attorney General's continued detention of an immigrant without a hearing, and held such immigrants could not be temporarily admitted to the United States in lieu of detention. Shaughnessy v. United States ex rel Mezei is the Supreme Court's "strongest statement" of the plenary power doctrine in United States immigration and nationality case law and was, at the time in 1953, said to “render[] obsolete every habeas corpus case in the books” with regard to the admission of immigrants to the United States.

Held: he has not been restricted to habeas corpus for ,the assertion of his rights, and therefore has not needed to wait till he is arrested for deportation. The careful opinions of Judge Goodrich for the Third Circuit in United States ex rel.Trinler v. Carusi, 166 F. 2d 457 , of Judge Bazelon for the District of Columbia Circuit in Kristensen v. McGrath, 86 U. S. App.

from pages 247-248 intentionally omitted] Mr. Herman Phleger, San Francisco, Cal., for Western Pacific R. Corp. and another. Mr. Julius Levy, New York City, for Meredith H. Metzger and others. Mr. Allan P. Matthew, San Francisco, Cal., for Western Pac. R. Co. and others.

Held: in some jurisdictions, to hold the funds as a constructive trustee. 10 So it was that these taxpayers were declared constructive trustees and were liable as transferees in equity. A constructive trust is a fiction imposed as an equitable device for achieving justice. 11 It lacks the attributes of a trust trust, and is not based on any intention of the parties.

Held: in an opinion by Mr. Chief Justice Marshall, that a lawyer should be admitted to this bar even though for contempt he had been disbarred by a federal district court action—'* * * one which the court do not mean to say was not done for sufficient cause, or that it is not one of a serious character; but this court does not consider itself authorised to punish here for contempts which may have been committed in that…

from pages 295-296 intentionally omitted] No. 205: Walter J. Cummings, Jr., Sol. Gen., Washington, D.C., for petitioner. Mr. Boris H. LaKusta, San Francisco, Cal., for respondents. No. 206: Mr. L. E. Blaisdell, Hawthorne, Nev., for petitioner. Mr. Henry W. Coil, Riverside, Cal., for respondents.

Held: can be taxed on a nondiscriminating basis by the states. So can his real and personal property. For in his private capacity a federal employee is no different from any other citizen. He receives protection and benefits from the society which the states create and maintain. Their police, their courts, their parks, their sanitary districts, their schools are all part of the civilization *329 which he enjoys.

Ford Motor Co. v. Huffman, 345 U.S. 330 (1953) is a U.S. Supreme Court Case that dealt with whether a seniority policy that credited veterans for military service time (even if it was served prior to employment) could be legally accepted by a labor union. The Court maintained the agreement, highlighting the power of the union and the significance of treating veterans fairly.

Poulos v. New Hampshire, 345 U.S. 395 (1953), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a New Hampshire city ordinance regarding permission to hold a meeting in a public park did not violate the appellant's rights to Free Exercise of Religion even if he and his group were arbitrarily and unlawfully denied a license to hold a religious meeting in that public park.

Held: is not 'employed as a merchant vessel'. This was said to have been 'abundantly established' by The Western Maid, 257 U.S. 419 , 42 S.Ct. 159, 66 L.Ed. 299, and by Bradey v. United States, 2 Cir., 151 F.2d 742, United States v. City of New York, D.C., 8 F.2d 270, and The Norman Bridge, D.C., 290 F. 575, and to have been 'at least recognized' in United States Grain Corporation v. Phillips, 261 U.S. 106 , 43 S.Ct. 283,…

Terry v. Adams, 345 U.S. 461 (1953), was a United States Supreme Court decision that held white-only pre-primary elections to be unconstitutional. It was the last in a series of court cases addressing the system of white primaries designed to disenfranchise African-American voters in the southern United States.

from pages 571-572 intentionally omitted] Mr. James M. Estabrook, New York City, for petitioner. Messrs. George Halpern and Richard M. Cantor, New York City, for respondent. Mr. Justice JACKSON delivered the opinion of the Court. 1 The key issue in this case is whether statutes of the United States should be applied to this claim of maritime tort.

Times-Picayune Publishing Co. v. United States, 345 U.S. 594 (1953), is an antitrust law decision by the United States Supreme Court. In a 5–4 decision it held that a tie-in sale of morning and evening newspaper advertising space does not violate the Sherman Antitrust Act, because there was no market dominance in the tying product.

Held: “To have given priority to debts due the United States pursuant to Title II, would have defeated the purpose of Congress. It not only would have prevented the reestablishment of railroad credit among bankers and investors, but it would even have seriously impaired the market value of outstanding railroad securities.

Held: was therefore barred by the Kentucky one-year statute of limitations, and the libel had to be dismissed. The Court of Appeals agreed that under Kentucky law the Kenton County appointment was defective, although it held that the existence of a cause of action alone is sufficient, in Kentucky, to support the appointment of an administrator, and hence that the Campbell County appointment was valid.

Held: the Railway Labor Act does not bar courts from adjudicating such cases. A common-law or statutory action for wrongful discharge differs from any remedy which the Board has power to provide, and does not involve questions of future relations between the railroad and its other employees.