Volume 430 — United States Reports

This is a list of all the United States Supreme Court cases from volume 430 of the United States Reports:

Delaware Tribal Business Committee v. Weeks, 430 U.S. 73 (1977), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court.

Held: however, that § 205 (h) 3 did not limit judicial review to those methods “expressly authorize[d]” by the Social Security Act itself.

The Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972 (Amendments) authorized a series of steps to be taken to eliminate all discharges of pollutants into the Nation's waters by 1985.

After New York State had submitted for the approval of the Attorney General its 1972 reapportionment statute with respect to Kings… Held: The judgment is affirmed. Pp. 155-168; (opinion of White, J.); pp. 179-180 (opinion of Stewart, J.). 1 510 F.2d 512 , affirmed. 2 Mr. Justice White, joined by Mr. Justice Brennan, Mr. Justice Blackmun, and Mr. Justice Stevens, concluded that the use of racial criteria by the State of New York in its 1974 plan in attempting to comply…

Marks v. United States, 430 U.S. 188 (1977), is a decision of the Supreme Court of the United States that explained how the holding of a case should be viewed where there is no majority supporting the rationale of any opinion.

Califano v. Goldfarb, 430 U.S. 199 (1977), was a decision by the United States Supreme Court, which held that the different treatment of men and women mandated by 42 U.S.C. § 402(f)(1)(D) constituted invidious discrimination against female wage earners by affording them less protection for their surviving spouses than is provided to male employees, and therefore violated the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The case was brought by a widower who was denied survivor benefits on the grounds that he had not been receiving at least one-half support from his wife when she died.

Petitioner corporation entered into a collective-bargaining agreement with respondent Union which contained a provision for severance pay on termination of the employment of certain employees. Held: Respondent's claim for severance pay under the expired contract is subject to resolution under the contract's arbitration terms. Pp. 248-255.

County government in New York has traditionally taken the form of a single-branch legislature, exercising general governmental powers, and such powers are also exercised by the count's constituent… Held: The challenged provisions, which are entitled to a presumption of constitutionality, do not violate the Equal Protection Clause.

Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady, 430 U.S. 274 (1977), is a United States Supreme Court case regarding the Commerce Clause and sales tax.

A member and officer (petitioner's decedent) of respondent local carpenters' union brought a tort action for damages in California state court against respondent Unions and Union officials, alleging… Held: The National Labor Relations Act does not pre-empt the action for intentional infliction of emotional distress. Pp. 295-306.

Held: what transpired there could not be subject to prior restraint.' 427 U.S., at 568, 96 S.Ct., at 2807. 7 The court below found the rationale of these decisions to be inapplicable here because a state statute provided for closed juvenile hearings unless specifically opened to the public by court order and because 'there is no indication that the judge distinctly and expressly ordered the hearing to be public.' We think…

Califano v. Webster, 430 U.S. 313 (1977), was a case before the United States Supreme Court that was decided per curiam.

Following their failure to satisfy judgments against them in various civil actions in New York State courts, appellees, pursuant to provisions of the New York Judiciary Law, were held in contempt by… Held: Only appellees Ward and Rabasco have standing to seek injunctive relief, since they are subject to pending proceedings in the state courts.

Petitioner was convicted of first-degree murder in a Florida court. Held: The judgment is vacated and the case is remanded. Pp. 355-364. 313 So.2d 675, vacated and remanded. Mr. Justice STEVENS, joined by Mr. Justice STEWART and Mr. Justice POWELL, concluded that: 1 1.

Swain v. Pressley, 430 U.S. 372 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that Congress's abrogation of standard habeas corpus procedure in the District of Columbia's local court system was not an unconstitutional suspension of the writ because the District had an adequate post-conviction alternative.

Brewer v. Williams, 430 U.S. 387 (1977), is a decision by the United States Supreme Court that clarifies what constitutes "waiver" of the right to counsel for the purposes of the Sixth Amendment. Under Miranda v. Arizona, evidence obtained by police during custodial interrogation of a suspect who was not informed of his Miranda rights is inadmissible. Here, however, the defendant was indicted in court and had asserted his desire to have counsel; thus, his Sixth Amendment right to counsel had attached. At issue was whether a voluntary admission of incriminating facts in response to police statements made while the defendant was in custody and outside the presence of his lawyer constituted a waiver of this right to counsel.

Atlas Roofing Company, Inc. v. Occupational Safety and Health Review Commission, 430 U.S. 442 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court decision in administrative law. The decision held that the Seventh Amendment to the US Constitution did not require a jury trial to enforce the civil penalties for violating a federal "public rights" statute, allowing enforcement by an administrative agency.

Delaware's 'short-form merger' statute enables a parent company owning at least 90% of the stock of a subsidiary to merge with the… Held: Only conduct involving manipulation or deception is reached by § 10(b) or Rule 10b-5. 'When a statute speaks so specifically in terms of manipulation and deception, . . . and when its history reflects no more expansive intent, (the Court is) quite unwilling to extend the scope of the statute . . .,' Ernst & Ernst v. Hochfelder, 425…

Held: and, as such, it would be somewhat precipitate to take judicial notice of one view over another on the basis of a record as barren as this. Furthermore, the relevance of a governing majority of elected officials to the grand jury selection process is questionable.

Section 12211 of the California Business and Professions Code provides that 'the average weight or measure of the packages or containers in a lot of any. . . commodity sampled shall not be less, at… Held: With respect to respondent packing company's packaged bacon, § 12211 and Art. 5 are pre-empted by the FMIA.

Appellant Society, a nonprofit">nonprofit corporation with headquarters in the District of Columbia, which maintains two offices in California… Held: California's imposition of the use-tax-collection liability on the Society's mail-order operation does not violate the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment or the Commerce Clause since the Society's continuous presence in California in the two offices provides a sufficient nexus between the appellant and the State to…

After a deadlocked jury was discharged when unable to agree upon a verdict at the criminal contempt trial of respondent corporations, the District Judge granted respondents' timely motions for judgments of acquittal under Fed.Rule Crim.Proc. 29(c), which provides that 'a motion for judgment of acquittal may be made . . . within 7 days after the jury is discharged (and) the court may enter judgment of acquittal. . . .' The Government appealed pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3731,…

Held: “The power exists to abrogate the provisions of an Indian treaty, though presumably such power will be exercised only when circumstances arise which will not only justify the government in disregarding the stipulations of the treaty, but may demand, in the interest of the country and the Indians themselves, that it should do so.

Although he met the other requirements for eligibility, appellee was denied retirement pay for his service in the National Guard on the basis of 10 U.S.C. § 1331(c). Held: Both the plain language of § 1331(c) and its legislative history demonstrate that Congress intended to deny benefits to those with pre-World War II service who did not also serve in wartime. Pp. 636-639. 2.

United States v. Antelope, 430 U.S. 641 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that American Indians convicted on reservation land were not deprived of the equal protection of the laws; (a) the federal criminal statutes are not based on impermissible racial classifications but on political membership in an Indian tribe or nation; and (b) the challenged statutes do not violate equal protection. Indians or non-Indians can be charged with first-degree murder committed in a federal enclave.

Ingraham v. Wright, 430 U.S. 651 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court case that upheld the disciplinary corporal punishment policy of Florida's public schools by a 5-4 vote. The Court also held that the Eighth Amendment did not apply to corporal punishment, and that the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment did require notice or a hearing prior to the imposition of such punishment.

Wooley v. Maynard, 430 U.S. 705 (1977), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that New Hampshire could not constitutionally require citizens to display the state motto upon their license plates when the state motto was offensive to their moral convictions.

Under § 801(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1954, an insurance company is considered a life insurance company for federal tax purposes if its life insurance reserves constitute more than 50% of its "total reserves," as that term is defined in § 801(c). Qualifying companies are accorded preferential tax treatment.

Section 12 of the Illinois Probate Act, which allows illegitimate children to inherit by intestate succession only from their mothers (though under Illinois law legitimate children may inherit by intestate succession from both their mothers and their fathers), held to violate the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Pp. 766-776.

Fiallo v. Bell, 430 U.S. 787 (1977), was a U.S. Supreme Court case that challenged the constitutionality of Sections 101(b)(1)(D) and 101(b)(2) of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952. The Sections gave immigration preference to children or parents of either existing U.S. citizens or of noncitizens residing under lawful permanent resident status. But, as the Court wrote, the statute defined “child” narrowly: “an unmarried person under 21 years of age who is a legitimate or legitimated child, a stepchild, an adopted child, or an illegitimate child seeking preference by virtue of his relationship with his mother”.

Bounds v. Smith, 430 U.S. 817 (1977), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court tested the basic constitutional right of prison inmates' access to legal documents prior to court. Prison authorities would consequently be required to provide legal assistance or counsel to inmates, whether it be through a trained legal professional or access to a legal library. Multiple prisoners alleged that they were denied access to the courts due to lack of an adequate legal library and assistance with court related documents.